What’s the Difference Between Mental Health Professionals?

There are several types of mental health providers, each with different levels of training and specialization. Understanding these differences can help you find the right fit for your needs.

Psychologist (Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D.)

Psychologists are doctoral-level professionals trained in the science of human behavior. They:

  • Diagnose and treat emotional, behavioral, and mental health conditions
  • Use talk therapy, testing, and evidence-based interventions
  • Complete 6–8 years of graduate study, including over 3,500 supervised hours
  • Are uniquely qualified to conduct psychological assessments used in courts, schools, and workplaces
  • Must be licensed by the Texas State Board of Examiners of Psychologists
  • Psychologists are the only mental health professionals required to earn a doctorate and undergo such extensive scientific and clinical training.

Psychiatrist (M.D. or D.O.)

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who:

  • Specialize in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions
  • Can prescribe medication
  • May also provide therapy
  • Often work as part of a multidisciplinary team alongside psychologists and other providers

Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW)

LCSWs hold a master’s degree in social work and:

  • Provide counseling and mental health services
  • Offer case management, advocacy, and community support
  • Help clients navigate social and economic challenges affecting mental health

Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC)

LPCs have a master’s degree in counseling or psychology. They:

  • Provide therapy to individuals, couples, and families
  • Use similar techniques as LCSWs but with a focus on counseling theory and skills

Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT)

LMFTs are trained at the master’s level and:

  • Specialize in relationship dynamics within families and couples
  • Help clients understand how individual behaviors affect the larger family system

Why the Doctoral Degree Matters

Psychologists’ training goes beyond therapy skills. Their education includes deep scientific knowledge in areas like brain-behavior relationships, ethics, diagnostics, and statistical analysis.

  • Psychology is a recognized STEM discipline
  • Graduate training includes both therapy and research
  • Psychologists are uniquely equipped to handle complex clinical cases and contribute to evidence-based care

Learn More About Becoming a Psychologist →
Compare Mental Health Credentials →
Find a Licensed Psychologist in Texas →